ABG ANALYSIS
"ROME"
Respiratory Opposite
Metabolic Equal
BLEEDING (Minor) – signs and symptoms
"BEEP"
B: Bleeding gums
E: Ecchymoses (bruises)
E: Epistaxis (nosebleed)
P: Petechiae (tiny purplish spots)
CANCER – signs and symptoms
"CAUTION"
C: Change in bowel or bladder habits
A: A sore that doesn’t heal
U: Unusual bleeding or discharge
T: Thickening or lump
I: Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
O: Obvious changes in a wart or mole
N: Nagging cough or hoarseness.
CELL INJURY - causes
"TIPD"
To remember the four causes of cell injury, think of how the injury tipped (or TIPD) the scale of homeostasis:
T: Toxin or other lethal (cytotoxic) substance
I: Infection
P: Physical insult or injury
D: Deficit, or lack of water, oxygen, or nutrients.
HYPERKALEMIA - causes
"MACHINE"
M - Medications - ACE inhibitors, NSAIDS
A - Acidosis - Metabolic and respiratory
C - Cellular destruction - Burns, traumatic injury
H - Hypoaldosteronism, hemolysis
I - Intake - Excesssive
N - Nephrons, renal failure
E - Excretion - Impaired
HYPERKALEMIA – signs and symptoms
"MURDER"
- M - Muscle weakness
- U - Urine, oliguria, anuria
- R- Respiratory distress
- D - Decreased cardiac contractility
- E - ECG changes
- R - Reflexes, hyperreflexia, or areflexia (flaccid)
HYPERNATREMIA - signs and symptoms
"You Are FRIED"
F - Fever (low grade), flushed skin
R - Restless (irritable)
I - Increased fluid retention and increased BP
E - Edema (peripheral and pitting)
D - Decreased urinary output, dry mouth
Can also use this one:
HYPERNATREMIA - signs and symptoms
"SALT"
S = Skin flushed
A = Agitation
L = Low-grade fever
T = Thirst
HYPERTENSION - Treatment
"ABCD"
ACE inhibitors/ AngII antagonists (sometimes Alpha agonists also)
Beta blockers
Calcium antagonists
Diuretics (sometimes vasoDilators also)
HYPOCALCEMIA signs and symptoms
"CATS"
C - Convulsions
A- Arrhythmias
T - Tetany
S - Spasms and stridor
MOLE'S MALIGNANY POTENTIAL - assessment
"ABCD"
A: Asymmetry--Is the mole irregular in shape?
B: Border--Is the border irregular, notched, or poorly defined?
C: Color--Does the color vary (for example, between shades of brown, red, white, blue, or black)?
D: Diameter--Is the diameter more than 6 mm?
SKIN BIOPSY
"ESP"
Excision
Shave
Punch
To remember which blood types are compatible, visualize the letter “O” as an orb representing the universe, because type O blood is the universal donor blood. Patients with any blood type can receive it. But O also means “odd man out”: Patients with type O blood can receive only type O blood.
Having difficulty distinguishing hypoplasia from hyperplasia? When you see plasia in any word, think of "plastic." Plastic, in turn, means forming or developing. As for hypo and hyper, that’s the easy part. Hypo means under, or below normal. Hyper means excessive, or above normal. Thus, hypoplasia means underdevelopment, and hyperplasia means overdevelopment.
A stand-up comedian who gets no laughs might say his audience has humoral immunity. But humor is the Latin word for “liquid,” and humoral immunity comes from elements in the blood — specifically, antibodies. Contrast this with cellular immunity, which comes about through the actions of T cells.
http://allnurses.com/forums/f205/mnemonics-memory-aids-146408.html
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