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10 GOLDEN RULES FOR ADMINISTERING DRUGS SAFELY

(from Nursing 88 Vol. 18, August 1988)

 

1.       Administer the right drug.

2.       Administer the right drug to the right patient.

3.       Administer the right dose.

4.       Administer the right drug by the right route.

5.       Administer the right drug at the right time.

6.       Document each drug you administer.

7.       Teach your patient about the drugs he is receiving.

8.       Take a complete patient drug history. (There is a risk of adverse drug reactions when a number of drugs are taken or when patient id taking alcohol drinks.)

9.       Find out if the patient had any drug allergies.

10.   Be aware of potential drug – drug or drug-food interactions.

 

By: Cathleen Mcgovern, RN, BSN

Quality Assuance Coordinator

Edge Water Hospital

Chicago, Illinois, USA

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RULES FOR USING UNITS


1.    1.  The symbol for a unit is unaltered in the plural and should not be followed by a full stop except at the end of the sentence:

5cm not 5 cms.

 

2.    2.  The decimal sign between digits is indicated by a full stop in typing. No commas are used to devide large numbers into groups of three, but a half-space (whole space in typing) is left after every third digit. If the numerical value of the number is less than 1 unit, a zero should precede the decimal sign:

0.123 456 not .123,456

 

3.     3.  The SI symbol for ‘day’ (i.e. 24 hours) is ‘d’, but urine and fecal excretions of substances should preferably be expressed as ‘per 24 hours’:

g/24 h

 

4.     4.  ‘Squared’ and ‘cubed’ are expressed as numerical powers and not by abbreviation:

Square centimeter is cm2 not sq. cm

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Modes of Disease Transmission

AIRBORNE
Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Rubeola (measles)
Varicella Zoster (chickenpox)


DROPLET
Rubella (german measles)
H Influenza
Menigitis
Diphtheria
Adenovirus
Influenza
Meningococcal
Mycoplasma
Pertussis
Streptococcal Pharyngitis (Grp. A)
Plague
Mumps


FECAL-ORAL
Cholera
Hepatitis A
Polio
Rotavirus
Salmonellosis


SEXUAL
AIDS
Chlamydia
Genital warts
Gonorrhea
Hepatitis B
Syphilis


DIRECT CONTACT
Athlete's foot
Impetigo
Syphilis (on rare occasions, if an uninfected person touches a chancre)
Warts


VERTICAL TRANSMISSION
(This is from mother to child, often in utero, as a result of the incidental exchange of bodily fluids (mostly blood) during childbirth or (rarely) through breast milk.)
AIDS
Hepatitis B
Syphilis

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Phobias

A

Ablutophobia- Fear of washing or bathing.
Acarophobia- Fear of itching or of the insects that cause itching.
Acerophobia- Fear of sourness.
Achluophobia- Fear of darkness.
Acousticophobia- Fear of noise.
Acrophobia- Fear of heights.
Aerophobia- Fear of drafts, air swallowing, or airbourne noxious substances.
Aeroacrophobia- Fear of open high places.
Aeronausiphobia- Fear of vomiting secondary to airsickness.
Agateophobia- Fear of insanity.
Agliophobia- Fear of pain.
Agoraphobia- Fear of open spaces or of being in crowded, public places like markets. Fear of leaving a safe place.
Agraphobia- Fear of sexual abuse.
Agrizoophobia- Fear of wild animals.
Agyrophobia- Fear of streets or crossing the street.
Aichmophobia- Fear of needles or pointed objects.
Ailurophobia- Fear of cats.
Albuminurophobia- Fear of kidney disease.
Alektorophobia- Fear of chickens.
Algophobia- Fear of pain.
Alliumphobia- Fear of garlic.
Allodoxaphobia- Fear of opinions.
Altophobia- Fear of heights.
Amathophobia- Fear of dust.
Amaxophobia- Fear of riding in a car.
Ambulophobia- Fear of walking.
Amnesiphobia- Fear of amnesia.
Amychophobia- Fear of scratches or being scratched.
Anablephobia- Fear of looking up.
Ancraophobia- Fear of wind. (Anemophobia)
Androphobia- Fear of men.
Anemophobia- Fear of air drafts or wind.(Ancraophobia)
Anginophobia- Fear of angina, choking or narrowness.
Anglophobia- Fear of England or English culture, etc.
Angrophobia - Fear of anger or of becoming angry.
Ankylophobia- Fear of immobility of a joint.
Anthrophobia or Anthophobia- Fear of flowers.
Anthropophobia- Fear of people or society.
Antlophobia- Fear of floods.
Anuptaphobia- Fear of staying single.
Apeirophobia- Fear of infinity.
Aphenphosmphobia- Fear of being touched. (Haphephobia)
Apiphobia- Fear of bees.
Apotemnophobia- Fear of persons with amputations.
Arachibutyrophobia- Fear of peanut butter sticking to the roof of the mouth.
Arachnephobia or Arachnophobia- Fear of spiders.
Arithmophobia- Fear of numbers.
Arrhenphobia- Fear of men.
Arsonphobia- Fear of fire.
Asthenophobia- Fear of fainting or weakness.
Astraphobia or Astrapophobia- Fear of thunder and lightning.(Ceraunophobia, Keraunophobia)
Astrophobia- Fear of stars or celestial space.
Asymmetriphobia- Fear of asymmetrical things.
Ataxiophobia- Fear of ataxia. (muscular incoordination)
Ataxophobia- Fear of disorder or untidiness.
Atelophobia- Fear of imperfection.
Atephobia- Fear of ruin or ruins.
Athazagoraphobia- Fear of being forgotton or ignored or forgetting.
Atomosophobia- Fear of atomic explosions.
Atychiphobia- Fear of failure.
Aulophobia- Fear of flutes.
Aurophobia- Fear of gold.
Auroraphobia- Fear of Northern lights.
Autodysomophobia- Fear of one that has a vile odor.
Automatonophobia- Fear of ventriloquist's dummies, animatronic creatures, wax statues - anything that falsly represents a sentient being.
Automysophobia- Fear of being dirty.
Autophobia- Fear of being alone or of oneself.
Aviophobia or Aviatophobia- Fear of flying.

B

Bacillophobia- Fear of microbes.
Bacteriophobia- Fear of bacteria.
Ballistophobia- Fear of missiles or bullets.
Bolshephobia- Fear of Bolsheviks.
Barophobia- Fear of gravity.
Basophobia or Basiphobia- Inability to stand. Fear of walking or falling.
Bathmophobia- Fear of stairs or steep slopes.
Bathophobia- Fear of depth.
Batophobia- Fear of heights or being close to high buildings.
Batrachophobia- Fear of amphibians, such as frogs, newts, salamanders, etc.
Belonephobia- Fear of pins and needles. (Aichmophobia)
Bibliophobia- Fear of books.
Blennophobia- Fear of slime.
Bogyphobia- Fear of bogeys or the bogeyman.
Botanophobia- Fear of plants.
Bromidrosiphobia or Bromidrophobia- Fear of body smells.
Brontophobia- Fear of thunder and lightning.
Bufonophobia- Fear of toads.

C


 Cacophobia- Fear of ugliness.
Cainophobia or Cainotophobia- Fear of newness, novelty.
Caligynephobia- Fear of beautiful women.
Cancerophobia or Carcinophobia- Fear of cancer.
Cardiophobia- Fear of the heart.
Carnophobia- Fear of meat.
Catagelophobia- Fear of being ridiculed.
Catapedaphobia- Fear of jumping from high and low places.
Cathisophobia- Fear of sitting.
Catoptrophobia- Fear of mirrors.
Cenophobia or Centophobia- Fear of new things or ideas.
Ceraunophobia or Keraunophobia- Fear of thunder and lightning.(Astraphobia, Astrapophobia)
Chaetophobia- Fear of hair.
Cheimaphobia or Cheimatophobia- Fear of cold.(Frigophobia, Psychophobia)
Chemophobia- Fear of chemicals or working with chemicals.
Cherophobia- Fear of gaiety.
Chionophobia- Fear of snow.
Chiraptophobia- Fear of being touched.
Chirophobia- Fear of hands.
Cholerophobia- Fear of anger or the fear of cholera.
Chorophobia- Fear of dancing.
Chrometophobia or Chrematophobia- Fear of money.
Chromophobia or Chromatophobia- Fear of colors.
Chronophobia- Fear of time.
Chronomentrophobia- Fear of clocks.
Cibophobia- Fear of food.(Sitophobia, Sitiophobia)
Claustrophobia- Fear of confined spaces.
Cleithrophobia or Cleisiophobia- Fear of being locked in an enclosed place.
Cleptophobia- Fear of stealing.
Climacophobia- Fear of stairs, climbing, or of falling downstairs.
Clinophobia- Fear of going to bed.
Clithrophobia or Cleithrophobia- Fear of being enclosed.
Cnidophobia- Fear of stings.
Cometophobia- Fear of comets.
Coimetrophobia- Fear of cemeteries.
Coitophobia- Fear of coitus.
Contreltophobia- Fear of sexual abuse.
Coprastasophobia- Fear of constipation.
Coprophobia- Fear of feces.
Consecotaleophobia- Fear of chopsticks.
Coulrophobia- Fear of clowns.
Counterphobia- The preference by a phobic for fearful situations.
Cremnophobia- Fear of precipices.
Cryophobia- Fear of extreme cold, ice or frost.
Crystallophobia- Fear of crystals or glass.
Cyberphobia- Fear of computers or working on a computer.
Cyclophobia- Fear of bicycles.
Cymophobia or Kymophobia- Fear of waves or wave like motions.
Cynophobia- Fear of dogs or rabies.
Cypridophobia or Cypriphobia or Cyprianophobia or Cyprinophobia - Fear of prostitutes or venereal disease.

D

Decidophobia- Fear of making decisions.
Defecaloesiophobia- Fear of painful bowels movements.
Deipnophobia- Fear of dining or dinner conversations.
Dementophobia- Fear of insanity.
Demonophobia or Daemonophobia- Fear of demons.
Demophobia- Fear of crowds. (Agoraphobia)
Dendrophobia- Fear of trees.
Dentophobia- Fear of dentists.
Dermatophobia- Fear of skin lesions.
Dermatosiophobia or Dermatophobia or Dermatopathophobia- Fear of skin disease.
Dextrophobia- Fear of objects at the right side of the body.
Diabetophobia- Fear of diabetes.
Didaskaleinophobia- Fear of going to school.
Dikephobia- Fear of justice.
Dinophobia- Fear of dizziness or whirlpools.
Diplophobia- Fear of double vision.
Dipsophobia- Fear of drinking.
Dishabiliophobia- Fear of undressing in front of someone.
Domatophobia- Fear of houses or being in a house.(Eicophobia, Oikophobia)
Doraphobia- Fear of fur or skins of animals.
Doxophobia- Fear of expressing opinions or of receiving praise.
Dromophobia- Fear of crossing streets.
Dutchphobia- Fear of the Dutch.
Dysmorphophobia- Fear of deformity.
Dystychiphobia- Fear of accidents.

E

Ecclesiophobia- Fear of church.
Ecophobia- Fear of home.
Eicophobia- Fear of home surroundings.(Domatophobia, Oikophobia)
Eisoptrophobia- Fear of mirrors or of seeing oneself in a mirror.
Electrophobia- Fear of electricity.
Eleutherophobia- Fear of freedom.
Elurophobia- Fear of cats. (Ailurophobia)
Emetophobia- Fear of vomiting.
Enetophobia- Fear of pins.
Enochlophobia- Fear of crowds.
Enosiophobia or Enissophobia- Fear of having committed an unpardonable sin or of criticism.
Entomophobia- Fear of insects.
Eosophobia- Fear of dawn or daylight.
Ephebiphobia- Fear of teenagers.
Epistaxiophobia- Fear of nosebleeds.
Epistemophobia- Fear of knowledge.
Equinophobia- Fear of horses.
Eremophobia- Fear of being oneself or of lonliness.
Ereuthrophobia- Fear of blushing.
Ergasiophobia- 1) Fear of work or functioning. 2) Surgeon's fear of operating.
Ergophobia- Fear of work.
Erotophobia- Fear of sexual love or sexual questions.
Euphobia- Fear of hearing good news.
Eurotophobia- Fear of female genitalia.
Erythrophobia or Erytophobia or Ereuthophobia- 1) Fear of redlights. 2) Blushing. 3) Red.

F

Febriphobia or Fibriphobia or Fibriophobia- Fear of fever.
Felinophobia- Fear of cats. (Ailurophobia, Elurophobia, Galeophobia, Gatophobia)
Francophobia- Fear of France or French culture. (Gallophobia, Galiophobia)
Frigophobia- Fear of cold or cold things.(Cheimaphobia, Cheimatophobia, Psychrophobia)

G

Galeophobia or Gatophobia- Fear of cats.
Gallophobia or Galiophobia- Fear France or French culture. (Francophobia)
Gamophobia- Fear of marriage.
Geliophobia- Fear of laughter.
Geniophobia- Fear of chins.
Genophobia- Fear of sex.
Genuphobia- Fear of knees.
Gephyrophobia or Gephydrophobia or Gephysrophobia- Fear of crossing bridges.
Germanophobia- Fear of Germany or German culture.
Gerascophobia- Fear of growing old.
Gerontophobia- Fear of old people or of growing old.
Geumaphobia or Geumophobia- Fear of taste.
Glossophobia- Fear of speaking in public or of trying to speak.
Gnosiophobia- Fear of knowledge.
Graphophobia- Fear of writing or handwriting.
Gymnophobia- Fear of nudity.
Gynephobia or Gynophobia- Fear of women

H

Hadephobia- Fear of hell.
Hagiophobia- Fear of saints or holy things.
Hamartophobia- Fear of sinning.
Haphephobia or Haptephobia- Fear of being touched.
Harpaxophobia- Fear of being robbed.
Hedonophobia- Fear of feeling pleasure.
Heliophobia- Fear of the sun.
Hellenologophobia- Fear of Greek terms or complex scientific terminology.
Helminthophobia- Fear of being infested with worms.
Hemophobia or Hemaphobia or Hematophobia- Fear of blood.
Heresyphobia or Hereiophobia- Fear of challenges to official doctrine or of radical deviation.
Herpetophobia- Fear of reptiles or creepy, crawly things.
Heterophobia- Fear of the opposite sex. (Sexophobia)
Hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia- Fear of the number 666.
Hierophobia- Fear of priests or sacred things.
Hippophobia- Fear of horses.
Hippopotomonstrosesquippedaliophobia- Fear of long words.
Hobophobia- Fear of bums or beggars.
Hodophobia- Fear of road travel.
Hormephobia- Fear of shock.
Homichlophobia- Fear of fog.
Homilophobia- Fear of sermons.
Hominophobia- Fear of men.
Homophobia- Fear of sameness, monotony or of homosexuality or of becoming homosexual.
Hoplophobia- Fear of firearms.
Hydrargyophobia- Fear of mercurial medicines.
Hydrophobia- Fear of water or of rabies.
Hydrophobophobia- Fear of rabies.
Hyelophobia or Hyalophobia- Fear of glass.
Hygrophobia- Fear of liquids, dampness, or moisture.
Hylephobia- Fear of materialism or the fear of epilepsy.
Hylophobia- Fear of forests.
Hypengyophobia or Hypegiaphobia- Fear of responsibility.
Hypnophobia- Fear of sleep or of being hypnotized.
Hypsiphobia- Fear of height.


I

Iatrophobia- Fear of going to the doctor or of doctors.
Ichthyophobia- Fear of fish.
Ideophobia- Fear of ideas.
Illyngophobia- Fear of vertigo or feeling dizzy when looking down.
Iophobia- Fear of poison.
Insectophobia - Fear of insects.
Isolophobia- Fear of solitude, being alone.
Isopterophobia- Fear of termites, insects that eat wood.
Ithyphallophobia- Fear of seeing, thinking about or having an erect penis.


J

Japanophobia- Fear of Japanese.
Judeophobia- Fear of Jews.

K

Kainolophobia or Kainophobia- Fear of anything new, novelty.
Kakorrhaphiophobia- Fear of failure or defeat.
Katagelophobia- Fear of ridicule.
Kathisophobia- Fear of sitting down.
Kenophobia- Fear of voids or empty spaces.
Keraunophobia or Ceraunophobia- Fear of thunder and lightning.(Astraphobia, Astrapophobia)
Kinetophobia or Kinesophobia- Fear of movement or motion.
Kleptophobia- Fear of stealing.
Koinoniphobia- Fear of rooms.
Kolpophobia- Fear of genitals, particularly female.
Kopophobia- Fear of fatigue.
Koniophobia- Fear of dust. (Amathophobia)
Kosmikophobia- Fear of cosmic phenomenon.
Kymophobia- Fear of waves. (Cymophobia)
Kynophobia- Fear of rabies.
Kyphophobia- Fear of stooping.

L


Lachanophobia- Fear of vegetables.
Laliophobia or Lalophobia- Fear of speaking.
Leprophobia or Lepraphobia- Fear of leprosy.
Leukophobia- Fear of the color white.
Levophobia- Fear of things to the left side of the body.
Ligyrophobia- Fear of loud noises.
Lilapsophobia- Fear of tornadoes and hurricanes.
Limnophobia- Fear of lakes.
Linonophobia- Fear of string.
Liticaphobia- Fear of lawsuits.
Lockiophobia- Fear of childbirth.
Logizomechanophobia- Fear of computers.
Logophobia- Fear of words.
Luiphobia- Fear of lues, syphillis.
Lutraphobia- Fear of otters.
Lygophobia- Fear of darkness.
Lyssophobia- Fear of rabies or of becoming mad.


M

Macrophobia- Fear of long waits.
Mageirocophobia- Fear of cooking.
Maieusiophobia- Fear of childbirth.
Malaxophobia- Fear of love play. (Sarmassophobia)
Maniaphobia- Fear of insanity.
Mastigophobia- Fear of punishment.
Mechanophobia- Fear of machines.
Medomalacuphobia- Fear of losing an erection.
Medorthophobia- Fear of an erect penis.
Megalophobia- Fear of large things.
Melissophobia- Fear of bees.
Melanophobia- Fear of the color black.
Melophobia- Fear or hatred of music.
Meningitophobia- Fear of brain disease.
Menophobia- Fear of menstruation.
Merinthophobia- Fear of being bound or tied up.
Metallophobia- Fear of metal.
Metathesiophobia- Fear of changes.
Meteorophobia- Fear of meteors.
Methyphobia- Fear of alcohol.
Metrophobia- Fear or hatred of poetry.
Microbiophobia- Fear of microbes. (Bacillophobia)
Microphobia- Fear of small things.
Misophobia or Mysophobia- Fear of being contaminated with dirt or germs.
Mnemophobia- Fear of memories.
Molysmophobia or Molysomophobia- Fear of dirt or contamination.
Monophobia- Fear of solitude or being alone.
Monopathophobia- Fear of definite disease.
Motorphobia- Fear of automobiles.
Mottephobia- Fear of moths.
Musophobia or Muriphobia- Fear of mice.
Mycophobia- Fear or aversion to mushrooms.
Mycrophobia- Fear of small things.
Myctophobia- Fear of darkness.
Myrmecophobia- Fear of ants.
Mythophobia- Fear of myths or stories or false statements.
Myxophobia- Fear of slime. (Blennophobia)

N

Nebulaphobia- Fear of fog. (Homichlophobia)
Necrophobia- Fear of death or dead things.
Nelophobia- Fear of glass.
Neopharmaphobia- Fear of new drugs.
Neophobia- Fear of anything new.
Nephophobia- Fear of clouds.
Noctiphobia- Fear of the night.
Nomatophobia- Fear of names.
Nosocomephobia- Fear of hospitals.
Nosophobia or Nosemaphobia- Fear of becoming ill.
Nostophobia- Fear of returning home.
Novercaphobia- Fear of your step-mother.
Nucleomituphobia- Fear of nuclear weapons.
Nudophobia- Fear of nudity.
Numerophobia- Fear of numbers.
Nyctohylophobia- Fear of dark wooded areas or of forests at night
Nyctophobia- Fear of the dark or of night.

O


Obesophobia- Fear of gaining weight.(Pocrescophobia)
Ochlophobia- Fear of crowds or mobs.
Ochophobia- Fear of vehicles.
Octophobia - Fear of the figure 8.
Odontophobia- Fear of teeth or dental surgery.
Odynophobia or Odynephobia- Fear of pain. (Algophobia)
Oenophobia- Fear of wines.
Oikophobia- Fear of home surroundings, house.(Domatophobia, Eicophobia)
Olfactophobia- Fear of smells.
Ombrophobia- Fear of rain or of being rained on.
Ommetaphobia or Ommatophobia- Fear of eyes.
Oneirophobia- Fear of dreams.
Oneirogmophobia- Fear of wet dreams.
Onomatophobia- Fear of hearing a certain word or of names.
Ophidiophobia- Fear of snakes. (Snakephobia)
Ophthalmophobia- Fear of being stared at.
Opiophobia- Fear medical doctors experience of prescribing needed pain medications for patients.
Optophobia- Fear of opening one's eyes.
Ornithophobia- Fear of birds.
Orthophobia- Fear of property.
Osmophobia or Osphresiophobia- Fear of smells or odors.
Ostraconophobia- Fear of shellfish.
Ouranophobia or Uranophobia- Fear of heaven.


P

Pagophobia- Fear of ice or frost.
Panthophobia- Fear of suffering and disease.
Panophobia or Pantophobia- Fear of everything.
Papaphobia- Fear of the Pope.
Papyrophobia- Fear of paper.
Paralipophobia- Fear of neglecting duty or responsibility.
Paraphobia- Fear of sexual perversion.
Parasitophobia- Fear of parasites.
Paraskavedekatriaphobia- Fear of Friday the 13th.
Parthenophobia- Fear of virgins or young girls.
Pathophobia- Fear of disease.
Patroiophobia- Fear of heredity.
Parturiphobia- Fear of childbirth.
Peccatophobia- Fear of sinning or imaginary crimes.
Pediculophobia- Fear of lice.
Pediophobia- Fear of dolls.
Pedophobia- Fear of children.
Peladophobia- Fear of bald people.
Pellagrophobia- Fear of pellagra.
Peniaphobia- Fear of poverty.
Pentheraphobia- Fear of mother-in-law. (Novercaphobia)
Phagophobia- Fear of swallowing or of eating or of being eaten.
Phalacrophobia- Fear of becoming bald.
Phallophobia- Fear of a penis, esp erect.
Pharmacophobia- Fear of taking medicine.
Phasmophobia- Fear of ghosts.
Phengophobia- Fear of daylight or sunshine.
Philemaphobia or Philematophobia- Fear of kissing.
Philophobia- Fear of falling in love or being in love.
Philosophobia- Fear of philosophy.
Phobophobia- Fear of phobias.
Photoaugliaphobia- Fear of glaring lights.
Photophobia- Fear of light.
Phonophobia- Fear of noises or voices or one's own voice; of telephones.
Phronemophobia- Fear of thinking.
Phthiriophobia- Fear of lice. (Pediculophobia)
Phthisiophobia- Fear of tuberculosis.
Placophobia- Fear of tombstones.
Plutophobia- Fear of wealth.
Pluviophobia- Fear of rain or of being rained on.
Pneumatiphobia- Fear of spirits.
Pnigophobia or Pnigerophobia- Fear of choking of being smothered.
Pocrescophobia- Fear of gaining weight. (Obesophobia)
Pogonophobia- Fear of beards.
Poliosophobia- Fear of contracting poliomyelitis.
Politicophobia- Fear or abnormal dislike of politicians.
Polyphobia- Fear of many things.
Poinephobia- Fear of punishment.
Ponophobia- Fear of overworking or of pain.
Porphyrophobia- Fear of the color purple.
Potamophobia- Fear of rivers or running water.
Potophobia- Fear of alcohol.
Pharmacophobia- Fear of drugs.
Proctophobia- Fear of rectums.
Prosophobia- Fear of progress.
Psellismophobia- Fear of stuttering.
Psychophobia- Fear of mind.
Psychrophobia- Fear of cold.
Pteromerhanophobia- Fear of flying.
Pteronophobia- Fear of being tickled by feathers.
Pupaphobia - Fear of puppets.
Pyrexiophobia- Fear of Fever.
Pyrophobia- Fear of fire.


R

Radiophobia- Fear of radiation, x-rays.
Ranidaphobia- Fear of frogs.
Rectophobia- Fear of rectum or rectal diseases.
Rhabdophobia- Fear of being severely punished or beaten by a rod, or of being severely criticized. Also fear of magic.(wand)
Rhypophobia- Fear of defecation.
Rhytiphobia- Fear of getting wrinkles.
Rupophobia- Fear of dirt.
Russophobia- Fear of Russians.


S
Samhainophobia: Fear of Halloween.
Sarmassophobia- Fear of love play. (Malaxophobia)
Satanophobia- Fear of Satan.
Scabiophobia- Fear of scabies.
Scatophobia- Fear of fecal matter.
Scelerophibia- Fear of bad men, burglars.
Sciophobia Sciaphobia- Fear of shadows.
Scoleciphobia- Fear of worms.
Scolionophobia- Fear of school.
Scopophobia or Scoptophobia- Fear of being seen or stared at.
Scotomaphobia- Fear of blindness in visual field.
Scotophobia- Fear of darkness. (Achluophobia)
Scriptophobia- Fear of writing in public.
Selachophobia- Fear of sharks.
Selaphobia- Fear of light flashes.
Selenophobia- Fear of the moon.
Seplophobia- Fear of decaying matter.
Sesquipedalophobia- Fear of long words.
Sexophobia- Fear of the opposite sex. (Heterophobia)
Siderodromophobia- Fear of trains, railroads or train travel.
Siderophobia- Fear of stars.
Sinistrophobia- Fear of things to the left or left-handed.
Sinophobia- Fear of Chinese, Chinese culture.
Sitophobia or Sitiophobia- Fear of food or eating. (Cibophobia)
Snakephobia- Fear of snakes. (Ophidiophobia)
Soceraphobia- Fear of parents-in-law.
Social Phobia- Fear of being evaluated negatively in social situations.
Sociophobia- Fear of society or people in general.
Somniphobia- Fear of sleep.
Sophophobia- Fear of learning.
Soteriophobia - Fear of dependence on others.
Spacephobia- Fear of outer space.
Spectrophobia- Fear of specters or ghosts.
Spermatophobia or Spermophobia- Fear of germs.
Spheksophobia- Fear of wasps.
Stasibasiphobia or Stasiphobia- Fear of standing or walking. (Ambulophobia)
Staurophobia- Fear of crosses or the crucifix.
Stenophobia- Fear of narrow things or places.
Stygiophobia or Stigiophobia- Fear of hell.
Suriphobia- Fear of mice.
Symbolophobia- Fear of symbolism.
Symmetrophobia- Fear of symmetry.
Syngenesophobia- Fear of relatives.
Syphilophobia- Fear of syphilis.


T

Tachophobia- Fear of speed.
Taeniophobia or Teniophobia- Fear of tapeworms.
Taphephobia Taphophobia- Fear of being buried alive or of cemeteries.
Tapinophobia- Fear of being contagious.
Taurophobia- Fear of bulls.
Technophobia- Fear of technology.
Teleophobia- 1) Fear of definite plans. 2) Religious ceremony.
Telephonophobia- Fear of telephones.
Teratophobia- Fear of bearing a deformed child or fear of monsters or deformed people.
Testophobia- Fear of taking tests.
Tetanophobia- Fear of lockjaw, tetanus.
Teutophobia- Fear of German or German things.
Textophobia- Fear of certain fabrics.
Thaasophobia- Fear of sitting.
Thalassophobia- Fear of the sea.
Thanatophobia or Thantophobia- Fear of death or dying.
Theatrophobia- Fear of theatres.
Theologicophobia- Fear of theology.
Theophobia- Fear of gods or religion.
Thermophobia- Fear of heat.
Tocophobia- Fear of pregnancy or childbirth.
Tomophobia- Fear of surgical operations.
Tonitrophobia- Fear of thunder.
Topophobia- Fear of certain places or situations, such as stage fright.
Toxiphobia or Toxophobia or Toxicophobia- Fear of poison or of being accidently poisoned.
Traumatophobia- Fear of injury.
Tremophobia- Fear of trembling.
Trichinophobia- Fear of trichinosis.
Trichopathophobia or Trichophobia- Fear of hair. (Chaetophobia, Hypertrichophobia)
Triskaidekaphobia- Fear of the number 13.
Tropophobia- Fear of moving or making changes.
Trypanophobia- Fear of injections.
Tuberculophobia- Fear of tuberculosis.
Tyrannophobia- Fear of tyrants.


U

Uranophobia or Ouranophobia- Fear of heaven.
Urophobia- Fear of urine or urinating.



V

Vaccinophobia- Fear of vaccination.
Venustraphobia- Fear of beautiful women.
Verbophobia- Fear of words.
Verminophobia- Fear of germs.
Vestiphobia- Fear of clothing.
Virginitiphobia- Fear of rape.
Vitricophobia- Fear of step-father.


W

Walloonphobia- Fear of the Walloons.
Wiccaphobia: Fear of witches and witchcraft.



X

Xanthophobia- Fear of the color yellow or the word yellow.
Xenoglossophobia- Fear of foreign languages.
Xenophobia- Fear of strangers or foreigners.
Xerophobia- Fear of dryness.
Xylophobia- 1) Fear of wooden objects. 2) Forests.
Xyrophobia-Fear of razors.


Z

Zelophobia- Fear of jealousy.
Zeusophobia- Fear of God or gods.
Zemmiphobia- Fear of the great mole rat.
Zoophobia- Fear of animals.



Source:

The Phobia List

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Pathognomonic Signs

Addison's disease
Bronze-like skin

Angina pectoris
Levine's sign (hand clutching of chest)

Bulimia Nervosa
Chipmunk facies (parotid gland swelling)

Cholecystitis
Murphy's sign (pain on deep inspiration when inflamed gallbladder is palpated)

Cholera
Rice-watery stool

Chronic hemorrhagic pancreatitis
Grey-Turner's sign (ecchymosis in flank area)

Cushing syndrome
Moon face

Diphtheria
Pseudomembrane on tonsils, pharynx and nasal cavity

Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy
Gowers' sign

Emphysema  
Barrel chest

Hyperthyroidism
Exophthalmos

Hypocalcemia
Trousseau sign and Chvostek sign

Kawasaki Disease
Strawberry tongue

Liver cirrhosis
Spider angioma

Leprosy
Leonine facies (thickened lion-like facial skin)

Measles
Koplik's spots

Meningitis
Kernig's sign and Brudzinski's sign

Pancreatitis
Cullen's sign (bluish discoloration of umbilicus)

Parkinson’s disease
Pill-rolling tremors

Patent ductus arteriosus
Machine-like murmur

Pernicious anemia
Red beefy tongue

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Butterfly rash

Tetanus
Risus sardonicus

Typhoid fever
Rose spots in abdomen


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Anxiety Disorders

Anxiety disorder is a blanket term covering several different forms of abnormal, pathological anxiety, fears, phobias. It describes nervous system disorders as irrational or illogical worry not based on fact.

Anxiety and fear are ubiquitous emotions. The terms anxiety and fear have specific scientific meanings, but common usage has made them interchangeable. For example, a phobia is a kind of anxiety that is also defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV-TR) as a "persistent or irrational fear." Fear is defined as an emotional and physiological response to a recognized external threat (eg, a runaway car or an impending crash in an airplane). Anxiety is an unpleasant emotional state, the sources of which are less readily identified. It is frequently accompanied by physiological symptoms that may lead to fatigue or even exhaustion. Because fear of recognized threats causes similar unpleasant mental and physical changes, patients use the terms fear and anxiety interchangeably. Thus, there is little need to strive to differentiate anxiety from fear. However, distinguishing among different anxiety disorders is important, since accurate diagnosis is more likely to result in effective treatment and a better prognosis.


Diagnosis

Anxiety disorders are often debilitating chronic conditions, which can be present from an early age or begin suddenly after a triggering event. They are prone to flare up at times of high stress.

A good assessment is essential for the initial diagnosis of an anxiety disorder, preferably using a standardized interview or questionnaire procedure alongside expert evaluation and the views of the affected person. There should be a medical examination in order to identify possible medical conditions that can cause the symptoms of anxiety. A family history of anxiety disorders is often suggestive of the possibility of an anxiety disorder. Although rare, it is important to exclude the possibility of a pheochromocytoma. The presence of a pheochromocytoma is normally accompanied by paroxysms of headache, sweating, palpitations, and hypertension. [1]

It is important to note that a patient with an anxiety disorder will often exhibit symptoms of Clinical Depression and vice-versa. Rarely does a patient exhibit symptoms of only one or the other.



Types

Generalized anxiety disorder

Generalized anxiety disorder is a common chronic disorder that affects twice as many women as men and can lead to considerable impairment (Brawman-Mintzer & Lydiard, 1996, 1997). As the name implies, generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by long-lasting anxiety that is not focused on any particular object or situation. In other words it is unspecific or free-floating. People with this disorder feel afraid of something but are unable to articulate the specific fear. They fret constantly and have a hard time controlling their worries. Because of persistent muscle tension and autonomic fear reactions, they may develop headaches, heart palpitations, dizziness, and insomnia. These physical complaints, combined with the intense, long-term anxiety, make it difficult to cope with normal daily activities.


Panic disorder

In panic disorder, a person suffers brief attacks of intense terror and apprehension that cause trembling and shaking, confusion, dizziness, nausea, difficulty breathing, and feelings of impending doom or a situation that would be embarrassing. One who is often plagued by sudden bouts of intense anxiety might be said to be afflicted by this disorder. The American Psychiatric Association (2000) defines a panic attack as fear or discomfort that arises abruptly and peaks in 10 minutes or less, and can occasionally last hours.

Although panic attacks sometimes seem to occur out of nowhere, they generally happen after frightening experiences, prolonged stress, or even exercise. Many people who have panic attacks (especially their first one) think they are having a heart attack and often end up at the doctor or emergency room. Even if the tests all come back normal the person will still worry, with the physical manifestations of anxiety only reinforcing their fear that something is wrong with their body. Heightened awareness (hypervigilance) of any change in the normal function of the human body, will be noticed and interpreted as a possible life threatening illness by an individual suffering from panic attacks.

Normal changes in heartbeat, such as when climbing a flight of stairs will be noticed by a panic sufferer and lead them to think something is wrong with their heart or they are about to have another panic attack. Some begin to worry excessively and even quit jobs or refuse to leave home to avoid future attacks. Panic disorder can be diagnosed when several apparently spontaneous attacks lead to a persistent concern about future attacks.


Agoraphobia

A common complication of panic disorder is agoraphobia -- anxiety about being in a place or situation where escape is difficult or embarrassing (Craske, 2000; Gorman, 2000). It seems that the definition of the word has expanded to refer to avoidance behaviors that sufferers often develop. If a sufferer of panic attacks seems to have them while driving, for example, then he or she may avoid driving, which relieves the anxiety, and subsequently makes future driving more difficult, as a result of behavioral reinforcement.


Derealization


"Sufferers of Depersonalisation or Derealization feel divorced from both the world and from their own body. Often people who experience depersonalisation claim that life "feels like a dream", things seem unreal, or hazy; some say they feel detached from their own body. Another symptom of this condition can be the constant worrying or strange thoughts that people find hard to switch off."[2] DP/DR builds up slowly with the underlying anxiety, but is noticed suddenly often after a panic attack, and difficult or impossible to ignore until recovery is made. This symptom of anxiety can be crippling to the sufferer and may lead to avoidance behaviour. Sufferers of DP/DR often see this strange phenomenon as being something catastrophic, and may become obsessed with an explanation they have come up with in their mind. It is often difficult to accept that such a disturbing symptom is a result of anxiety, and the sufferer is often thinking it must be something more, or something worse.


Phobias

This category involves a strong, irrational fear and avoidance of an object or situation. The person knows the fear is irrational, yet the anxiety remains. Phobic disorders differ from generalized anxiety disorders and panic disorders because there is a specific stimulus or situation that elicits a strong fear response. A person suffering from a phobia of spiders might feel so frightened by a spider that he or she would try to jump out of a speeding car to get away from one.

People with phobias have especially powerful imaginations, so they vividly anticipate terrifying consequences from encountering such feared objects as knives, bridges, blood, enclosed places, certain animals or situations. These individuals generally recognize that their fears are excessive and unreasonable but are generally unable to control their anxiety.


Social anxiety disorder

Social anxiety disorder is also known as social phobia. Individuals with this disorder experience intense fear of being negatively evaluated by others or of being publicly embarrassed because of impulsive acts. Almost everyone experiences "stage fright" when speaking or performing in front of a group. Since occasionally there are artists or performers with social anxiety disorder who are able to perform publicly without significant anxiety, their love of performing and practicing their art may be diminishing their anxiety. Even such high-functioning phobics such as Glenn Gould experience anxiety in performance. But people with social phobias often become so anxious that performance, if they are not natural performers, such as children playing musical instruments from a young age, is out of the question. In fact, their fear of public scrutiny and potential humiliation becomes so pervasive that normal life can become impossible (den Boer 2000; Margolis & Swartz, 2001). Another social phobia is love-shyness, which most adversely affects certain men. Those afflicted find themselves unable to initiate intimate adult relationships (Gilmartin 1987).


Obsessive-compulsive disorder

Obsessive compulsive disorder is a type of anxiety disorder primarily characterized by obsessions and/or compulsions. Obsessions are distressing, repetitive, intrusive thoughts or images that the individual often realizes are senseless. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors that the person feels forced or compelled into doing, in order to relieve anxiety. The OCD thought pattern may be likened to superstitions: if X is done, Y won't happen—in spite of how unlikely it may be that doing X will actually prevent Y, if Y is even a real threat to begin with. A common example of this behavior would be obsessing that one's door is unlocked, which may lead to compulsive constant checking and rechecking of doors. Often the process seems much less logical. For example, the compulsion of walking in a certain pattern may be employed to alleviate the obsession that something bad is about to happen. Lights and other household items are also common objects of obsession.


Post-traumatic stress disorder


Post-traumatic stress disorder is an anxiety disorder which results from a traumatic experience. Post-traumatic stress can result from an extreme situation, such as being involved in warfare, rape, hostage situations, or involvement in a serious accident. It can also result from long term (chronic) exposure to a severe stressor, [2] for example soldiers who endure individual battles but cannot cope with an unceasing sequence of battles. The sufferer may experience flashbacks, avoidant behavior, and other symptoms.


Separation Anxiety

Separation Anxiety Disorder is the feeling of excessive and inappropriate levels of anxiety over being separated from an attachment figure or from a person or place that gives a feeling of safety. While it is seen in children (for example on being left at school) it is also seen in adolescents and adults.

Separation Anxiety itself is a normal part of development in babies or children. It only when this feeling is excessive or inappropriate that it can be considered a disorder.

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Mnemonics

ABG ANALYSIS
"ROME"
Respiratory Opposite
Metabolic Equal

BLEEDING (Minor) – signs and symptoms
"BEEP"
B: Bleeding gums
E: Ecchymoses (bruises)
E: Epistaxis (nosebleed)
P: Petechiae (tiny purplish spots)

CANCER – signs and symptoms
"CAUTION"
C: Change in bowel or bladder habits
A: A sore that doesn’t heal
U: Unusual bleeding or discharge
T: Thickening or lump
I: Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
O: Obvious changes in a wart or mole
N: Nagging cough or hoarseness.

CELL INJURY - causes
"TIPD"
To remember the four causes of cell injury, think of how the injury tipped (or TIPD) the scale of homeostasis:
T: Toxin or other lethal (cytotoxic) substance
I: Infection
P: Physical insult or injury
D: Deficit, or lack of water, oxygen, or nutrients.

HYPERKALEMIA - causes
"MACHINE"
M - Medications - ACE inhibitors, NSAIDS
A - Acidosis - Metabolic and respiratory
C - Cellular destruction - Burns, traumatic injury
H - Hypoaldosteronism, hemolysis
I - Intake - Excesssive
N - Nephrons, renal failure
E - Excretion - Impaired

HYPERKALEMIA – signs and symptoms
"MURDER"

  • M - Muscle weakness
  • U - Urine, oliguria, anuria
  • R- Respiratory distress
  • D - Decreased cardiac contractility
  • E - ECG changes
  • R - Reflexes, hyperreflexia, or areflexia (flaccid)

 

HYPERNATREMIA - signs and symptoms
"You Are
FRIED"

F - Fever (low grade), flushed skin
R - Restless (irritable)
I - Increased fluid retention and increased BP
E - Edema (peripheral and pitting)
D - Decreased urinary output, dry mouth

Can also use this one:

HYPERNATREMIA - signs and symptoms
"SALT"

S = Skin flushed
A = Agitation
L = Low-grade fever
T = Thirst


HYPERTENSION - Treatment
"ABCD"

ACE inhibitors/ AngII antagonists (sometimes Alpha agonists also)
Beta blockers
Calcium antagonists
Diuretics (sometimes vasoDilators also)


HYPOCALCEMIA signs and symptoms
"CATS"
C - Convulsions
A- Arrhythmias
T - Tetany
S - Spasms and stridor


MOLE'S MALIGNANY POTENTIAL - assessment
"ABCD"

A: Asymmetry--Is the mole irregular in shape?
B: Border--Is the border irregular, notched, or poorly defined?
C: Color--Does the color vary (for example, between shades of brown, red, white, blue, or black)?
D: Diameter--Is the diameter more than 6 mm?

SKIN BIOPSY
"ESP"
Excision
Shave
Punch


To remember which blood types are compatible, visualize the letter “O” as an orb representing the universe, because type O blood is the universal donor blood. Patients with any blood type can receive it. But O also means “odd man out”: Patients with type O blood can receive only type O blood.

Having difficulty distinguishing hypoplasia from hyperplasia? When you see plasia in any word, think of "plastic." Plastic, in turn, means forming or developing. As for hypo and hyper, that’s the easy part. Hypo means under, or below normal. Hyper means excessive, or above normal. Thus, hypoplasia means underdevelopment, and hyperplasia means overdevelopment.

A stand-up comedian who gets no laughs might say his audience has humoral immunity. But humor is the Latin word for “liquid,” and humoral immunity comes from elements in the blood — specifically, antibodies. Contrast this with cellular immunity, which comes about through the actions of T cells.


http://allnurses.com/forums/f205/mnemonics-memory-aids-146408.html


 

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Graduation Song--FEU-IN 2006

Goodbye with a Smile

Composed and Arranged by: Jerome Cleofeas

For the Graduating Class of FEU-IN 2006



We always wonder if we’d make it through this mountain

Or swim across this endless sea

We dreamt of fairytales and happy endings

We never thought that they could be

All we had was you and me

Now we finally made it



And now we’re her we smile

And remember all the things that made our lives worthwhile

And now we’re here we can fly

Thanks for all you did now I can soar to the sky

And now I know that there’s no need to cry

cause I’m alright with you by my side

Now I can say goodbye with a smile


And now the memories are coming in, in flashes

It’s a wonder how times flies so fast

And we may fall apart and fade away in darkness

But the love we shared was made to last

As long as you’re inside of me

I will always make it



And there’s so many things we still have to see

And there’s still so much more that we can be

But for now let me stretch this moment to eternity




And now we’re her we smile

And remember all the things that made our lives worthwhile

And now we’re here we can fly

Thanks for all you did now I can soar to the sky

And now I know that there’s no need to cry

cause I’m ALIVE, AND YOU’RE by my side

Now I can say goodbye with a smile

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The Nightingale Pledge

The Florence Nightingale Pledge

I solemnly pledge myself before God and presence of this assembly;

To pass my life in purity and to practice my profession faithfully.

I will abstain from whatever is deleterious and mischievous

and will not take or knowingly administer any harmful drug.

I will do all in my power to maintain and elevate the standard of my profession

and will hold in confidence all personal matters committed to my keeping

and family affairs coming to my knowledge in the practice of my calling.

With loyalty will I endeavor to aid the physician in his work,

and devote myself to the welfare of those committed to my care.


~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~


Florence NightingaleThe "Nightingale Pledge"The Nightingale Pledge was composed by Lystra Gretter, an instructor of nursing at the old Harper Hospital in Detroit, Michigan, and was first used by its graduating class in the spring of 1893. It is an adaptation of the Hippocratic Oath taken by physicians.

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Giant Microbes

I just saw these images in the net (thinking that they were some types of medical equipment), but upon looking closely, i found out that they are actually stuffed microbe toys! Yes, they are! Being sold in the market, these giant microbes make great learning tools for parents and educators, as well as amusing gifts for anyone with a sense of humor! :) Imagine your children playing, hugging and cuddling these stuffs. Whew! ;D



Giant Microbes Health



Giant Microbes Assortment - Maladies 6-Pack
Giant Microbes Maladies



Giant Microbes Assortment - Alimentaries 2-Pack
Giant Microbes Alimentaries



Giant Microbes Assortment - Aquatics 5-Pack
Giant Microbes Aquatics



Giant Microbes Assortment - Menageries 3-Pack
Giant Microbes Menageries


Giant Microbes Assortment - Calamities 6-Pack
Giant Microbes Calamities



Giant Microbes Assortment - Corporeals (Blood Cells) 2-Pack
Giant Microbes Corporeals
(Blood Cells)


Giant Microbes Assortment - Critters 5-Pack
Giant Microbes Critters



Giant Microbes Assortment - Exotics 2-Pack
Giant Microbes Exotics



Giant Microbes Assortment - Venereals 2-Pack
Giant Microbes Venereals



HIV Giant Microbes

Giant Microbes HIV





Giant Microbes House fly
(Musca domestica)
and Mosquito (Culex pipiens)











Giant Microbes

Giant Microbes



GIANTmicrobe - Chlamydia
Chlamydia is perhaps the most common of all sexually transmitted diseases. Because it often produces no obvious symptoms, treatment can easily be delayed until it is tragically late.
GIANTmicrobe - Pneumonia
While there are many potential causes for pneumonia, or fluid in the lungs, Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common bacterial cause.
GIANTmicrobe - Herpes
Herpes was identified more than 2500 years ago. The word "herpes" comes for the Greek word for "creep." Kinda makes you wonder what they were trying to tell us...
GIANTmicrobe - Fat Cell
The average human has about 40 billion of these little guys. While people often complain about them, they actually perform a number of vital functions in the body.
GIANTmicrobe - Staph
This little guy has been in the news a lot lately in the form of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, also know as MRSA or the "superbug." While staph is very common, the anti-biotic resistent forms are causing great concern.
GIANTmicrobe - Chickenpox
Possibly named for the Old English word "giccan" meaning "to itch," chickenpox is no longer the childhood rite of passage. A great example of how vaccines can change modern life.
GIANTmicrobe - Brain Cell
Most people have about 100 billion of these in their head. At times I feel like I've been coming up short.
GIANTmicrobe - Common Cold
Billions of people a year catch the cold. Now you can get one too -- without getting sick! Learn all about the Common Cold with this cuddly companion. Throw one to a friend and exclaim, "Don't catch a cold!" Approximately 10 cm tall (4 inches)
GIANTmicrobe - The Flu
This guy may not look too tough, but don't let his cute looks fool you! Once he and his friends show up you're in for a pretty lousy time. Learn about his weaknesses so you can avoid unwanted encounters. Approximately 13 cm tall (5.5 inches)
GIANTmicrobe - Sore Throat
No one likes having a sore throat, unless it's a Giantmicrobe! Find out what makes Streptococcus bacteria more than just your average sore throat virus. Approximately 14 cm tall (5.5 inches).
GIANTmicrobe - Stomach Ache
Having a stomach ache can be loads of fun ... if it's a Giantmicrobe, of course! (And this one will tell you how to keep his friends away.) Approximately 17 cm tall (7 inches)
GIANTmicrobe - Ulcer
Guess what? Stress doesn't cause ulcers -- microbes do! But we guarantee that this little guy will give your most stressed out pal a laugh. Approximately 14 cm tall (5.5 inches).
GIANTmicrobe - Athlete's Foot
Fumbled the pass? Let the goal through? No sweat! Our happy cheerleader is sure to make you smile. Approximately 18 cm tall (7 inches)
GIANTmicrobe - Bread Yeast
Come and get it! This microbe is a baker, and a brewer -- and a scientist to boot. Pretty amazing! Learn about the chemistry that yeast adds to bread and other goods. Approximately 14 cm tall (5.5 inches).
GIANTmicrobe - Ebola
Since its discovery in 1976, Ebola has become the T. Rex of microbes. Very nasty, but fortunately, very rare. Approximately 19 cm tall (7.5 inches)
GIANTmicrobe - Mono
A kiss is just a kiss -- unless she's around! 95% of the population has encountered this sweetie pie. Find out who gets her special love. Approximately 10 cm tall (4 inches)
GIANTmicrobe - The Plague
Improved hygiene and readily available antibiotics keep this bad boy at bay. But what a history. One teacher bought six for her medieval history class. She handed them out at random to represent the third of the population that perished... a very powerful lesson. Approximately 13 cm tall (5.5 inches)
GIANTmicrobe - Bad Breath
Oral malodor is no laughing matter. But don't give spicy foods all the credit. Microbes deserve their share of the glory, too. Make someone smile (as long as they've brushed first.) Approximately 15 cm (6 inches).
GIANTmicrobe - Bed Bug
Our Bed Bug won't bite -- but tuck someone in with it and we guarantee a smile and pleasant dreams! Approximately 13 cm (5 inches).
Goes great with the Nova Video "The Unknown World " Item NOVA-50.
GIANTmicrobe - Bookworm
Yes, the bookworm is a real worm that likes to dine on wood pulp. Do you have a favorite bookworm? We do! And our book-lover is sure to interest just about any bibliophile. Approximately 18 cm tall (7 inches).
Goes great with the Nova Video "The Unknown World " Item NOVA-50.
GIANTmicrobe - Dust Mite
Unless you live in Antarctica, you've got millions of dust mites living in your house (and we didn't even count the ones in those corners you keep meaning to clean). See what you're up against -- or put these little reminders where they're needed most! Approximately 13 cm (5 inches).
Goes great with the Nova Video "The Unknown World " Item NOVA-50.
GIANTmicrobe - Sleeping Sickness
Are you tired? Working too hard? Feeling a bit cranky? Do you think you might have sleeping sickness? This little fellow will sing you a lullaby you'll never forget. Spread by the bumblebee-sized Tsetse fly, this little fellow traumatizes more that 20,000 people each year. Approximately 22 cm long (9 inches)
GIANTmicrobe - Cough
Coughs aren't just for smokers anymore -- now anybody can get one! Bordetella pertussis is the bacteria that causes "whooping cough," a serious cough that can last up to six weeks. This little guys is not as prevalent today thanks to the DPT vaccines (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis). Approximately 13 cm tall (5.5 inches)
GIANTmicrobe - Ear Ache
Have you heard? Ear aches are the number one cause of emergency room admission each year. Most ear aches in young children are caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. (There is no confirmation that ear aches in adults are caused by young children.) It seems that the short, straight tubes in children's ears give this little microbe easy access. Approximately 14 cm tall (5.5 inches).
GIANTmicrobe - Flesh Eating Bacteria
While this little germ has been gobbling up the headlines lately, it had been around for centuries. It is caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, the same microbe responsible for strep-throats. Highly devastating and fast-spreading, it can consume an inch of flesh an hour and is NOT known for its table manners.
This GIANTmicrobe is appropriate for more serious discussions. Approximately 14 cm tall (5.5 inches).
GIANTmicrobe - HIV
This plush can be used as a visual aid with your health curriculum. Use it to teach your students the fact about H.I.V., such as:
  • H.I.V. kills CD4 cells, or T-helper cells
  • Once the immune system is compromised, a person develops AIDS (acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome)
  • H.I.V. is most commonly transmitted by sexual contact with an infected person
  • Insect bites and sweat carry almost no risk of transmission
  • Studies show that drying H.I.V. infected fluids can reduce viral presence by 90-99%
  • There is no vaccine for H.I.V. and no cure for AIDS
This GIANTmicrobe is appropriate for more serious discussions. Approximately 10 cm tall (4 inches)
GIANTmicrobe - Hepatitis
This plush can be used as a visual aid with your health curriculum. Use it to teach your students the fact about Hepatitis, such as:
  • HAV is spread primarily by unsanitary food and water
  • HBV is transmitted in bodily fluids and can cause chronic liver disease
  • HCV is perhaps the most dangerous: no vaccine is available
  • HDV occurs only in the presence of HBV
  • HEV is relatively mild and non-chronic
  • HFV and HGV are newly identified; their connection with liver disease is debated
This GIANTmicrobe is appropriate for more serious discussions. Approximately 10 cm tall (4 inches)
GIANTmicrobe - TB
TB can infect any part of the body, but typically targets the lungs and throat. Because it can remain in a latent state for periods of time, it can be difficult to track its source. Can lead to persistent cough, chest pain, weakness, night sweats, even coughing up blood. Approximately 15 cm tall (6 inches)
GIANTmicrobe - Louse
The original "cooties," these little guys are one of the most common communicable conditions suffered by children. Having a lousy day? We've got a solution. Scratch your head, and try guess what it is! One of the most unwelcome visitors in schools across the country. Approximately 15 cm tall (6 inches)
GIANTmicrobe - Giardia
If you go down to the woods today, you're in for a big surprise... especially if you drink water contaminated with this little critter. Commonly found in lakes and rivers, Giardia.infection is sometimes refered to as "hiker's diarrhea." Approximately 15 cm tall (6 inches)
GIANTmicrobe - Pimple
Thanks to propionibacterium, nearly 100% of the population suffers with acne during their teenage years. Got a blemish? Give our little fellow a big squeeze, and you're sure to feel better! Approximately 13 cm tall (5.5 inches)
GIANTmicrobe - Syphilis
GLO-525 Syphilis This plush can be used as a visual aid with your health curriculum. Use it to teach your students the fact about Syphilis, such as:
  • Syphilis has an incubation period of several weeks to several months.
  • Infection leads to sores, rashes and flu-like symptoms.
  • Syphilis infection makes a patient more susceptible to H.I.V.
  • Long term infections can lead to brain damage, insanity and death.
  • Antibiotic resistant strains are starting to emerge.
This GIANTmicrobe is appropriate for more serious discussions. Approximately 15 cm tall (6 inches)
GIANTmicrobe - Gonorrhea
This plush can be used as a visual aid with your health curriculum. Use it to teach your students the fact about Gonorrhea, such as:
  • Gonorrhea is one of the most common STDs in the world.
  • Infection brings about itching, burning, abdominal pain and more.
  • Some infected person show NO symptoms.
  • Gonorrhea can lead to complications in pregnancy and birth defects.
  • Gonorrhea can raise the risk of H.I.V. transmission by up to 500%.
  • Antibiotic resistant strains are starting to emerge.

This GIANTmicrobe is appropriate for more serious discussions. Approximately 15 cm tall (6 inches)
GIANTmicrobe - Salmonella
Salmonella is a among the leading causes of food poising, found in foods like eggnog, mayonnaise, hollandaise sauce, and even frostings. A clean kitchen is the best way to keep salmonella out of your home or school, but this cute little guy is definitely the best way to bring it in!
GIANTmicrobe - E-Coli
E. gads! What a fantastic way to teach your students about one of the most studied microbes. The escherichia coli bacterium was identified in 1885 and is responsible for abdominal infections and food poisoning. We hope that this cute and cuddly version is the only e. coli you ever receive!
GIANTmicrobe - Mad Cow
Git along, little prions! Your students will laugh and learn with this whimsical version of a disease that is no bull. Mad Cow disease, or Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), is caused by misshapen proteins that congeal into long rods that eventually inhibit brain function. Your students will go nuts, but don't blame us.
GIANTmicrobe - Polio
A 1950's vaccine eradicated polio from the western world, but the disease still exists in Africa, India, and South East Asia. Usually transmitted in the summer months, polio can have paralyzing consequences. Continued efforts to promote vaccination may one day eradicate the disease globally. Until then, students will enjoy learning about polio with the help of this softer (and safer!) GIANTmicrobe.
GIANTmicrobe - Typhoid
This little fellow causes red spots, ulceration of the intestines, and a high fever that can last for more than a month. Untreated, the mortality rate is as high as 20%. Today it is rare thanks to modern medicine. Learn why one Molly Mallon will always be remembered as "Typhoid Mary."
GIANTmicrobe - Malaria
Once thought to be caused by the air in swamps, Malaria literally means "bad air." Today it is known to be caused by a parasite and transmitted by mosquitos. Each year nearly half a billion people are infected, proving fatal for more than a million, mostly children in Africa.
GIANTmicrobe - Lyme Disease
Now one of the most common tick-borne illnesses, this ailment was first identified not far from our home office in Connecticut. It causes aches and pains, and its now-famous bulls-eye rash. Untreated, it can lead to life-long join problems and even memory loss.
GIANTmicrobe - Heartworm
Heartworms are spaghetti-like parasites that live in the heart and pulmonary arteries of dogs. As they increase in numbers and grow, they can severely constrict blood supply.
GIANTmicrobe - Mange
This is one creepy pest! The female likes to burrow deep in the skin, lays her eggs and then dies. At these sites, an itchy, pimple-like sore will form. Modern hygiene for people, however, has mostly limited infestations to animals.
GIANTmicrobe - Rabies
A source of terror since ancient times, once symptoms begin, death is inevitable. Today, thanks to early treatment methods discovered by Pasteur, the death rate has dropped by 99%.
GIANTmicrobe - Red Blood Cell
You have about 10,000,000,000,000 of these little guys in you right now. More than enough to share. Donated blood can only be stored for six weeks and is constantly in demand. His best trick is to hold his breath until he turns blue!
GIANTmicrobe - White Blood Cell
He is the body's "white-knight." If germs invade, they ride to the rescue and fight to the death. Don't let his cute looks fool you. You are looking at a highly trained killer, fighting the good fight for your health.


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About the TRIVIA:

The trivia contains comprehensive questions all about nursing. It includes concepts from different resources. Should you find any discrepancy in the content, kindly inform me by messaging me at feu.nurses@gmail.com so that necessary revisions can be made.


FAQS/COMMANDs:


1. To start the trivia, just type "!trivia" (minus the quotation mark) and the trivia should begin giving out a question. To stop the trivia, just type "!stop" (again, minus the quotations).

Note: Sometimes, you may not know that the trivia is already set or running, so you should stop the trivia first (by doing the necessary command, stated above), and then, start it again.

2. When you join the channel, you will be given a default nickname of "Visitor#".

It is advisable that you change your name first, or even better, you register a nickname before you answer questions. It will help us to identify you and collect your points when you answer a question correctly. Be sure to use the same nickname everytime you join the channel or answer trivia.

To assign your nickname, just type your desired nickname in the box on the lower right corner of the chatbox.

3. The scores will be updated from time to time and posted in ranks. Enjoy the trivia! ^_^

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2007 UAAP Cheerdance Competition

Far Eastern University